One person is fluent in English and the other, in Portuguese. Both settle on weekly meetings to talk, exchange information, and speak both languages alternately. This interaction and mutual interest in learning the other person’s language encourage students the acquisition of a foreign language through a reciprocal language learning method called “in-tandem”.
The group, coordinated by Professor Joao Telles Alves from UNESP (State University of Sao Paulo), campus of Assis and Sao Jose do Rio Preto, has incorporated the system into a distance learning technology, expanding the reach and possibilities for students to learn new languages.
Started in 2007 and scheduled for closure in April this year, the Thematic Project “Teletandem: foreign languages for all” supported by FAPESP, brings together postgraduate students from campus of Assis and Sao Jose do Rio Preto.
The experiment involves UNESP students and foreigners, who are interested in learning Portuguese. For this, UNESP has hired other Portuguese Departments from overseas universities.
Institutions from Germany, Argentina, Canada, United Stated, France, Italy, Mexico, Uruguay and Sweden are participating in the project. "A major problem we have found is that several Portuguese Departments abroad focus on literature but are not interested in learning the language", explains Telles.
UNESP students had formed pairs with students from foreign universities who were interested in learning Portuguese. Each pair had committed itself to collaborate in at least eight virtual meetings of two hours each – one hour for each language.
The students collaborated through a Skype interactive software called TAW for Skype, which was developed in Brazil by the company TalkAndWrite, from Santa Catarina.
Skype provides the communication channel for audio and video, while the application TAW for Skype offers a virtual collaborative framework, in which both participants can write, draw and edit simultaneously.
Teacher presence
At Teletandem the teacher follows the entire process, mediating the learning through periodic meetings with the pairs. It can be virtual or live meetings.
According to Telles, the teacher presence is necessary because students often use only 30% to 40% of the learning resources. "Moreover, it is the teacher who helps the students on the language explanations and suggests strategies in order to accelerate the learning process", says.
Advice is the right word. Unlike traditional methods, in Teletandem the teacher does not determine the route of learning, but makes suggestions and the students decide what to do.
Some sessions can be recorded and these resources help teachers to find out students’ problems and difficulties. “The teacher acts as a mediator, in line with a constructivist and Vygotskian view of development. The student is the center of the learning process”, explains Telles, stressing the difference between the in-tandem context and traditional education given in the classroom.
Since it is focused on the student’s performance, the program is based on participants’ autonomy and reciprocity. "This is one of the reasons this method doesn’t work as a compulsory subject at graduation level", he noted.
Another difference is that the tandem curriculum emerges from pairs’ relationship and interaction, and only afterwards brought to the teacher. In traditional education, the program follows the opposite direction: it is predetermined by the teacher and later applied in the classroom.
Cultural shocks
For the learning to be successful, the program applicants must go through previous orientation sessions. “At this point, teachers instruct students in cultural shocks to be avoided”, tells the UNESP teacher.
On the other hand, when friendships are built, the results are often surprising. Several students have become fluent in the language after two years of program.
Telles highlights the social aspect of the project. "Teletandem allows students to learn a language and meet people from other countries with few resources", he said.
According to Telles, tandem learning method can be applicable even to regular schools, as long as the institution provides appropriated expertise as well as minimal infrastructure. At UNESP, laboratories are opened from 9am to 9pm, and computers are equipped with appropriate softwares.
The project was so successful that UNESP will keep the development of the interactive software through a partnership with the company TalkAndWrite. The intention is to make the program also work as a communication tool among participants.
Telles has been visiting several countries in order to present the research results and also disseminate the project experiences and results. "Teletandem is a means of access for foreign languages and democratization through communication technologies. It helps those who cannot afford to travel to study a language, to make foreign friends and to have enriching cultural experiences", he said.
Teletandem:
http://www.teletandembrasil.org